Cyclic urea amide phosphates useful as insecticides

ABSTRACT

A new class of cyclic urea amide phosphates and phosphonates, utilized as insecticides, and having the following general structure covering the compounds of this invention:   AND WHEREIN R lower alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; X O or S.

United States Patent [191 Newallis Apr. 17, 1973 CYCLIC UREA AMIDE PHOSPHATES USEFUL AS INSECTICIDES [75] Inventor: Peter E. Newallis, Overland Park,

Kans.

[73] Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation, New

York, N.Y.

[52] US. Cl. ..424/200, 424/251, 424/273 [51] Int. Cl. ..A0ln 9/22, AOln 9/36 [5 8] Field of Search ..'..424/200; 260/309.7,

[561 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,406,]79 10/1968 Jamison ..424/200X Primary Examiner-Albert T. Meyers Assistant Examinerl .eonard Schenkman Attorney-Patrick L. Henry and Fred L. Kelly [57] ABSTRACT A new class of cyclic urea amide phosphates and phosphonates, utilized as insecticides, and having the following general structure covering the compounds of this invention:

JHZ H2 wherein n=0, 1

and wherein R lower alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; X= O or S.

8 Claims, No Drawings CYCLIC UREA AMIDE PI-IOSPHATES USEFUL AS INSECTICIDES CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is adivision of application Ser. No. 694,418, filed Dec. 29, 1967 now ()5. Pat. No. 3,629,280 patented Dec. 21, 1971.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a new class of phosphates and phosphonates useful as insecticides and acaricides and in particular to a new class of cyclic urea. amide phosphates and phosphonates.

The requirements for useful insecticides and acaricides vary depending upon the kind of application intended. To be successful, an insecticide must, of course, be toxic to the insect or acarid to be controlled. For some applications, it is desirable that the insecticide be stable and have extended residual activity; for other applications, it is desirable that its useful life be short. When the insecticides are used by unskilled personnel, it should be relatively non-toxic to mammals, in other cases, particularly where it is to be applied only by skilled personnel, the mammalion toxicity is less of a factor. Of course, where the insecticide is to be applied to the foliage or roots of plants, or to soil in which the plant is growing, it must be non-phytotoxic, at leastat the insecticidal dosage.

It is an object of this invention to provide a new class of phosphates and phosphonates as insecticides.

It is another object of this invention to provide a new class of cyclic urea amide phosphates.

It is an additional object of this invention to provide a method for producing a new class of cyclic urea amide phosphates.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The following general structures represent the compounds of the invention:

(CH2)n I H2 H2 and wherein R lower alkyl group having l-5 carbon atoms; and X 0 or S.

These compounds are viscous liquids which are soluble in many organic solvents but are essentially insolu ble in water. They have an outstandingacaricidal activity, and are characterized by low toxicity for warmblooded animals. Accordingly, they can .be used safely and very effectively for combatting eggs and activestages of spider mites in the protection of plants. These compounds can also be used as active toxicants in compositions for the control of a number of insect organisms such as flie's, beetles, worms, roaches, cattle grubs, and aphids. Furthermore, the toxic potency of this class of compounds is such as to permit their effective use as dilute solutions in soaps, sprays, paints, and oils.

Generally the synthesis of this class of compounds may be carried out by reacting a urea chloroacetamide with an ammonium salt of an alkyl phosphorothioate or dithiophosphate as illustrated by the following reaction:

wherein n, A, B, R, and X have the same significance as indicated above. The reaction may be carried out in any common inert organic solvent such as acetone, benzene, dimethylformamide or carbon tetrachloride. Approximate stoichiometric amounts of the reactants are used. The mixture is refluxed for 14-36 hours and preferably from 20-30 hours. The acetone or other solvent is then removed by distillation under reduced pressure and the residue is extracted by adding methylene chloride or other suitable extractive compound. The methylene chloride solution is then washed with water and separated out. Finally, the organic solution is dried and the methylene chloride is removed by distillation to leave the residue product.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Preparations of typical compounds of the invention are described in the following example. The examples are intended to be illustrative and are not to be considered as limiting the invention in any way.

EXAMPLEI A solution was prepared by adding 8.1 grams of ethylene urea-a-chloroacetamide to ml. of

acetone. Then 9.5 grams of S-ammonium 0,0-dicthyl phosphorothioate where added to the solution. The solution was then refluxed for over a 24 hour period. At this point the acetone was removed by distillation under reduced pressure leaving the residue. The product was extracted from the residue by the addition of 100 ml. of methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution was then washed with 50 ml. of water and the organic solution was separated from the aqueous solution. The organic solution was dried and the methylene chloride solvent was removed by distillation in vacuum. The residue product, N-(0,0-diethylphosphorothioxyacetyl-ethyleneurea), which is listed in Table I as Compound 3, weighed 13.5 grams. This product was insoluble in water and soluble in acetone.

Table l lists other compounds of this invention which were prepared bya method similar to that used in Example l. v

- TABLE 1' I Compound number Compound HN No-or-nsmoozmn s 0 s 2 1| ln cnnmwsomo-N N- -0msr 00211,

4 (I) H N( JCH2SP(OCHs)2 CH a l (CH Ohl SC Hz CN ll l O i H --CHzSP (0011a):

S I (I) The following non-systemic tests were performed to l' illustrate the effectiveness of the compounds of Tablel.

TEST l Horticultural (cranberry) bean plants, in 2% inch pots with all foliage removed except one primary leaf,

were sprayed with the solution for 2 seconds on the upper surface and 5 seconds on the under surface. The spray was delivered from a DeVilbiss atomizer nozzle at 20 p.s.i. The approximate volume of spray on the upper surface was 0.19 cc. and the under surface was 0.48 cc. After spraying the deposits were allowed to dry on the plants and five third instar larvae were then confined on each plant with 6 inch screen wire spheres.

Mortality and feeding records were made 3 days after treatment.

TEST ll Non-Systemic Test for Pea Aphid Adults PAA) A solution consisting of 4.8 grams of Compound 1 was mixed in cc. of acetone. The solution was diluted with water so that the concentration of Cornpound l was A oz./l00 gal.

English broad bean plants were sprayed for 2 seconds on upper surface and 5 seconds on under surface with this solution. Adult female aphids (10 per test) were brushed from infested broad bean plants into 5 inch screen wire hemispheres and sprayed for 5 seconds (approx. 0.6.c.c. delivery per second from nozzle). Spray was applied from a DeVilbiss atomizer nozzle at 20 p.s.i., with the aphids 15 inches from the'nozzle. Following treatment, aphids were caged over previously sprayed plants and mortality records were usually made 3 days later.

TEST III Non-Systemic Primary Test for Southern Armywor Larvae (SAL) A solution consisting of 4.8 gms. of Compound 1 was mixed in 100 cc. of acetone. The solution was diluted with water so that the concentration of Compound 1 I was 4 oz./ 1 00 gal.

. Horticultural (cranberry) bean plants, in 2% inch pots with all foliage removed except one primary leaf, were sprayed with the solution for 2 seconds on the upper surface and 5 seconds on the under surface. The spray was delivered from a DeVilbiss atomizer nozzle at 20 p.s.i. The approximate volume of spray on the upper surface was 0.19 cc. and the under surface was 0.48 c'c. After spraying, the deposits were allowed to dry on the plants and five fourth and fifth instar larvae were then confined on each plant with 6 inch screen wire spheres. Mortality and feeding records were made 3 days after treatment.

TEST IV Non-Systemic Primary Test for Two-Spotted Spider Mites (TSSM),

A solution was prepared of 4.8 gm. of Compound I in 100 cc. of acetone. The solution was diluted with water to a concentration of 4 oz./ 100 gal. of Compound I.

Young horticultural (cranberry) bean plants in 2% inch pots were infested with mites (all stages) one day before treatment. In treating plants the upper surface was sprayed with the solution for 2 seconds and the lower or under surface was sprayed for 5 seconds. The spray was delivered from a DeVilbiss atomizer nozzle operated at p.s.i. with the plant about 18 inches from nozzle. The approximate volume of spray on the upper surface was 0.13 cc. and on the lower surface was 0.32 cc. Following the treatment, the potted plants were placed in irrigated trays in the greenhouse and initial kills of adults were recorded three days later. Residual and ovicidal observations were made 7-8 days after treatment, which allowed ample time for the eggs to hatch under greenhouse conditions. One leaf from each plant was used to make 3-day counts, and the remaining leaf on each plant was used to determine residual and ovicidal activity.

TEST V Non-Systemic Primary Test for House Fly Adults (HFA) Dry food (6 parts powdered non-fat dry milk, 6 parts granulated sugar and 1 part powdered egg) was mixed with an acetone solution of Compound 1 so that the food contained 0.125 percent of the compound. The mixture was allowed to dry and then repulverized. Wettable powders were mixed with the dry food with the aid of mortar and pestle. The treated food was placed in emergence cages containing 50 fly pupae. Cages containing untreated food were used as checks. Examination of each cage was made periodically for 8 days to determine emergence, condition of flies, and acute toxicity.

Similar tests were performed for Compounds 2 and 10, the results of which are also disclosed with Compound l in Table II. It should be noted that with the exception of the southern armyworm larvae the compounds tested were on the whole very effective.

The same compounds were then put through systemic primary tests. The systemic primary tests were conducted for MBBL, PAA, SAL and TSSM.

TABLE ll Results ofNon-Systematic Primary Tests Percent Mortality Used in dil. H2 02. Used in dil. 4 oz./l00

100 gals. H O gals. H 0 %8 day kill (0.125% dry Com- MBBL, PAA. SAL. TSSM. bait) pound Test 1 Test ll Test lll Test lV HFA,Test V l 100 100* 0 100 E.R. I00 75 0 0 89 N.O.R. 100 I0 0 0 0 I00 N.O.R. 100

* No live young.

** E.R. Excellent residual; N.O.R. no ovicidal or residual.

TEST VI of the container. Aluminum foil was fitted over the top of the container and around the stem of the plant to lessen possible fumigant effects of the compounds tested. The insects were placed on the plants within 24 hours after treatment and the mortality records were made 3 days later.

TEST VII Systemic Primary Test for Pea Aphid Adults (PAA) A standard acetone solution containing 4.8 grams of Compound I per 100 cc. of acetone was diluted with were placed on the plants within 24 hours after treatment and the mortality records were made 3 days later.

TEST VIII Systemic Primary Test for Southern Armyworm Larvae (SAL) A standard acetone solution containing 4.8 grams of Compound I per cc. of acetone was diluted with water to 4 oz./l00 gals. of H 0. After dilution, 100 cc. of the solution were placed in glass jars, along with the test plants (young horticultural (cranberry) bean plants) whose roots have been washed free of soil. The roots of the test plants were in contact with the bottom of the container. Aluminum foil was fitted over the top of the container and around the stem of the plant to lessen possible fumigant effects of the compound tested. The insects were placed on the plants within 24 hours after treatment and the mortality records were made 3 days later.

TEST IX of the container. Aluminum foil was fitted over the top of the container and around the stern of the plant to lessen possible fumigant effects of the compounds tested. The insects were placed on the plants within 24 hours after treatment and the mortality records were made 3 days later. The ovicidal and residual data was recorded 8 days after the treatment.

The results of Tests VI IX for compounds 1,2, and 10 are listed in Table II].

It is noted that the compounds were not very effective against MBBL and SAL but very effective against FAA and TSSM.

The illustrations of the compounds that constitute the invention given above are not intended to limit the invention in any way but are merely descriptive. All modifications which fall within the spirit of the present invention are claimed as part of the present invention.

TABLE 111 Results of Systemic Primary Tests Mortality Used in dil. of 4 oz./ l gals. H O

Compound Test VI, Tm vn, Test vm, Test ix', MBBL PAA SAL TSSM l 40 100 0 100 g.r. 2 0 100 0 5 .0 f.r. o 100 0 73 g.r.

No living young on test plants. n.r. no residual; f.r. =fair residual; g.r. good residual I claim:

1. An insecticidal and acaricidal composition comprising, an inert carrier and an insecticidally and acar- 1 icidally effective amount of an active ingredient of the wherein R alkyl of 1-5 carbon atoms; and X= 0 or S. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein R represents ethyl. 7. The method of claim 5 wherein R represents methyl.

8. The method of claim 5 wherein R represents ethyl and X represents S. 

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein R represents ethyl.
 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein R represents methyl.
 4. The composition of claim 1 wherein R represents ethyl and X represents S.
 5. A method of protecting plants against insects and acarids which comprises spraying the plants with an insecticidally and acaricidally effective amount of a compound of the formula:
 6. The method of claim 5 wherein R represents ethyl.
 7. The method of claim 5 wherein R represents methyl.
 8. The method of claim 5 wherein R represents ethyl and X represents S. 